Recombinant Bovine IL-4 Protein
$99.00 – $2,280.00
The recombinant bovine IL-4 protein is derived from in vitro expression of bovine IL-4 gene in E. coli and purified using his-tag affinity column and can be used in multiple applications such as cell culture, ELISA and western blot.
Alternative names for IL-4: Interleukin 4, IL4
This product is for Laboratory Research Use Only not for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes or any other purposes.
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Description
Genorise Recombinant Bovine IL-4 Protein Summary
Alternative names for IL-4: Interleukin 4, IL4
Alternative names for bovine: cow, cattle, bull
Product Specifications
| Purity | > 97%, by SDSPAGE under reducing conditions and visualized by silver stain. |
| Endotoxin Level | < 0.1 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method. |
| Activity | Measured in a cell proliferation assay using TF1 human erythroleukemic cells. Kitamura, T. et al. (1989) J. Cell Physiol. 140:323.
The ED50 for this effect is 0.25 ng/ml. |
| Source | E. coli derived bovine IL-4. |
| Accession # | NP_776346.1 |
| N-Terminal Sequence Analysis | His |
| Amino Acid Sequence | His25-Cys135 |
| Predicted Molecular Mass | 13 kDa |
| SDS-PAGE | 13 kDa, reducing conditions |
Background:
Interleukin-4, abbreviated IL-4, is a cytokine that is expressed in a variety of tissues including lymphocytes and leukocytes, is a key regulator in humoral and adaptive immunity and has many biological roles, including the stimulation of activated B-cell and T-cell proliferation, and the differentiation of CD4+ T-cells into Th2 cells. IL-4 induces differentiation of naive helper T cells (Th0 cells) to Th2 cells. Upon activation by IL-4, Th2 cells subsequently produce additional IL-4. The cell that initially produces IL-4, thus inducing Th0 differentiation, has not been identified, but recent studies suggest that basophils may be the effector cell.[1] It is closely related and has functions similar to Interleukin 13. Like IL-13, Interleukin 4 (IL-4) is critical for responses to parasitic helminthes. [2] IL-4 up-regulates MHC class II production and decreases the production of Th1 cells, macrophages, IFN-gamma, and dendritic cell IL-12. Tissue macrophages play an important role in chronic inflammation and wound repair. The presence of IL-4 in extravascular tissues promotes alternative activation of macrophages into M2 cells and inhibits classical activation of macrophages into M1 cells. An increase in repair macrophages (M2) is coupled with secretion of IL-10 and TGF-β that result in a diminution of pathological inflammation. This cytokine was co-discovered by Maureen Howard and William Paul[3] and by Dr. Ellen Vitetta and her research group in 1982. The nucleotide sequence for human IL-4 was isolated four years later confirming its similarity to a mouse protein called B-cell stimulatory factor-1 (BCSF-1).[4]
References
- Sokol, C.L., et al. (2008) Nat Immunol 9 (3): 310–318.
- Liang, H-E, et al. (2012) Nature Immunology, 13: 58–66.
- Howard M, Paul WE (1982). Lymphokine Res. 1 (1): 1–4.
- Yokota T et al. (1986). Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 83 (16): 5894–8.
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